When it is required to resist higher shear forces at the column head, and there are higher bending moments, the construction of a column head are many advantages. Focusing on the disadvantages now, pitched roofs cost more and they also take longer to install. When the load is heavy, and the span is long, a two-way joist or grid system, commonly known as a waffle slab, may be used. The following procedure could be followed when designing a flat slab according to Eurocode2, New Developments in Steel Fiber Reinforced Concrete, Causes for Low Compressive Strength Concrete, Factors affecting Soil Compaction | Detailed Review. Room layout becomes flexible. surface provide better diffusion of light, 2. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLABS AND STANDARD. What is an HVAC System? When the uniformed slab thickness is not adequate, we increase the slab thickness. They have more thickness as compared to typical RCC Slabs. 1. Benefits and Drawbacks of Flat Slabs . 3. slab thickness higher TYPES OF FLAT SLAB If you find This information helpful please share it. 1.1 CONVENTIONAL BEAM SLAB SYSTEM . supporting fragile (masonry) partitions. Comparatively higher slab thickness is required. This system is one of the most common structural system used in building construction due to the ease and speed of making the formwork (as there is a uniform thickness, one need a formwork with a flat soffit). Minimizes the risk of earthquake hazards. Previous Post Next Post Required fields are marked Prefabricated welded mesh. Your email address will not be published. In a two-way slab, the load is transferred in both directions. CHAPTER 1:- INTRODUCTION 1.1 Objectives:- Study and research about geodesic dome. The column strips, in turn, transfer the loads to the columns by one-way action. The main disadvantages of flat slab systems are; they are not suitable for supporting brittle (masonry) partitions, higher slab thickness, Chance for progressive collapse is more in flat slab due to the punching shear failure, in flat slabs, the middle strip deflection may be critical. Advantages. 3. In Waffle slab or Flat Grid very less amount of steel is used. Larger or storey height shorter & pleasing appearance. Use extensive table formwork to provide faster construction. The uniform thickness of the slab continues through the slab. This is the usual type of slab type. Reinforcement is difficult. There are four different types of concrete Flat Slabs:- Slab without drop and column without column head (capital). Disadvantages of Flat Slab. The construction of column heads in flat slabs is very common. 998 Words4 Pages. However, where the column heads are given, the part of a column head that lies within the most significant pyramid with a vertex angle of 90 or right circular cones can be included entirely within the column. All Rights Reserved. Due to the unavailability of the beams connecting all the columns, higher slab thickness is required. a. For carrying heavy loads, the thickness of the slab over columns increases, and the thickened part of the slab is recognized as a drop panel. It's not used for large span design 2. Two Way flat plate: Suitable for application on a span of 6 - 7.5 meters and with a live load of 2.5 - 4.5 kN / m2. 5. The maintenance cost is high. Flat slab construction can deeply reduce floor-to -floor height especially in the absence of false ceiling as flat slab construction does act as limiting factor on the placement of horizontal services and partitions. 4. 8. 1.The height of the building can be reduced by minimizing What are the disadvantages of a flat slab system? They are not suitable for masonry partition of brittle nature. This is connected with the flat slab design. For reading the article. Standard sizes Less installation time Better quality control. The precast concrete wall is known for its durability and superior strength. Generally, the drop panel is comparatively large than the column head. i) Formwork is simpler and less costly. Flat Slabs are used by engineers in many building due to its advantages over other reinforced concrete floor system in different cases. For the design direction, a column head outline should be considered. For light load, drop panels and the column heads are omitted. have discussed in addition to other aspects. The flat plate floor system requires simple formwork. Step 1 :- Formwork Is Arranged And Then Shutters Are Fixed On The Formwork. The application of drop panels can intervene with bigger mechanical ducts 4. Not suitable for supporting brittle (masonry) partitions, Use of drop panels may interfere with larger mechanical ducting. The design of a pitched roof is more complex than a flat roof. Minimum thickness of Flat Tax Rate. The minimum thickness of the drop panel slab is usually taken 1.25 times the thickness of the slab. Vibration control capacity is higher. They are commonly used in hotels, parking HOW TO CALCULATE CEMENT, SAND AND COARSE AGGREGATE QUANTITY IN CONCRETE? They also make for better use of land as they can be built on top of existing structures; this makes them easier to build and less expensive when compared to other methods. Flat Slab Design Reduction in the floor-to-floor height reduces the cost of construction. The length of the section is medium - Under the flat plate system, it becomes difficult to retain a large space. It is easier to make the flat roof fire-proof than a sloping roof. Flat PROCESS OF INSTILLATION :-. ii) Large spans cannot be constructed. An increase in the wall load could increase the cost of construction significantly. Create optimum design of the structure. Cracks in Concrete Slab Why do they develop after casting? 1 Span length is medium. The roof can be used as terrace for playing, gardening, sleeping and for celebrating functions. Compared to typical reinforced concrete two way slab system, the thickness of flat plate slabs are higher. The drop, when implemented, should be rectangular in plan, and the minimum length of the drop in every direction should not be less than one-third of the panels length in that direction. Since there are no beams, the reduction can be made. They are not suitable for masonry walls (brittle supports). Minimum And Maximum Spacing Of Beam, Column, Stirrups, Slab & Footing, MINIMUM SIZE OF CONCRETE SLAB, BEAM & COLUMN, HOW TO CALCULATE THE QUANTITY OF STEEL IN COLUMN (BBS), ALL YOU WANT TO KNOW ABOUT MASON TOOLS BEFORE BUYING IT, Copyright 2022 lceted. The function of this type of slab is to provide a plain ceiling surface, which will Such slabs need less formwork. What is a flat slab and where is it used mostly? The design of the flat slab is somewhat different from the conventional slab designs. Sprinkler system. Not suitable to hold up fragile partitions. Laying reinforcement is much easier when compared to the normal beam/slab construction. Availability of flat ceiling because of the absence of beam in the middle of the cell. Critical section for shear in case of flat slabs is, The main difference between flat slab & conventional slab-beam system is that. Flat slabs are mostly used in large industrial structures, parking garages, ramps, warehouse, high rise buildings and hotels. The flat slab floor is a very economical structural form used in the underground garage roof. Beams are not used (Therefore under floor services outside the drops are simple). Industrial buildings and businesses that have flat roofs have to compensate for the weight on the interior. One of the main disadvantages of Ribbed slab is the need for rigorous supervision and skilled labor. A flat slab is a one-way or two-way system with thickenings in the slab at the columns and load bearing walls called drop panels Figure 9. Two-way slabs are economically more expensive than one-way slabs. The fact that solid slabs need drop beams greatly limits the [interior designer and / or tenant] ability to place the partitions wherever they want or change them in the future. The flat plate slab does not have much structural capacity. Importance, Estimate of Building in Excel, What is BOQ? Its Construction span is high. 6. Mainly, there are four main types of flat slabs. The above figure indicates the slab with a drop panel and column head. slab is also known as beam-less slab because it is supported directly by columns or Since a flat slab offers more straightforward reinforcement detailing, it is more effortless to place. Use of flat slab allows choice of omitting false ceiling and finish soffit of slab with skim coating. The overall depth of the drop panel is typically taken as 1.75 to 2 times the depth of the slab, again rounded to suit timber sizes or the nearest 25 mm. 5. Beams disturb light and air circulation in the building. the flat slab is 8 or 0.2m, 1. By contrast, a crawl space costs about $7 per square foot and a basement about $18 per square foot. Analyze the structure and obtain the design bending moments and shear forces. Flat roofs are not always advantageous. All Rights Reserved. Save our Whatsapp contact +919840140396 as LCETED and Send us a message JOIN, How to Calculate Cement, Sand and Coarse Aggregate Quantity in Concrete?/mix design. 2. Disadvantages: Medium spans Generally not suitable for supporting brittle (masonry) partitions Drop panels may interfere with larger mechanical ducting Vertical penetrations need to avoid area around columns For reinforced flat slabs, deflection at the middle strip may be critical. Lack of Drainage: The biggest disadvantage of a flat roof is the lack of drainage, and this is why it is important to check your roof regularly. The major disadvantages are given below. The column head increases the shear strength of the slab and reduces the moments by reducing the clear span ln. Disadvantages of Flat slab: In a flat plate system, it is not possible to have a large span. Slab with drop and column without column head. As it is bit new technology, so it may not be an economical choice for large scale . 3. formwork for flatslab construction in simpler on the slab by minimizing clear or effective spacing. What are the disadvantages of solid slabs? DISADVANTAGES OF FLAT SLAB 1. Larger or storey height shorter & pleasing appearance. The widened portions are called column heads. There is modern software that we can use to design the slab completely and get the reinforcement drawings. For exterior columns, the moment may be considerable and cannot be ignored. Low Cost. The thickness of flat plate slab is higher compared to the typical RCC two way slab. for height controls or even aesthetics view. Partition walls can be set anywhere wanted. Namely, there are as follows. The main disadvantage is that these slabs cannot support their own weight, so they need to have additional support from the surrounding structures. Also, Read: What Is Isometric Projection | Principle of Isometric Projections | Isometric Scale 2. The safe construction and use of beamless slabs require the cooperation of owners, constructors, and designers. Flat slab are slab which usually does not have beam and girders underneath, i. Use of drop panels may interfere with larger mechanical ducting. It helps to reduce the clear span and also moment in the slab. The column heads may be provided with any angle from the consideration of . For instance, Russia has a flat tax rate of 13%, and this rate varies from country to country with some or no deductions available. Select the load combinations to be considered. One Way Slab Vs Two Way Slab: Deflection Deflection in a one-way slab gives it a cylindrical shape. Here, the loads are transferred directly to the columns. Reduction in the Floor to Floor Height. Generally, the column head size should keep approximately one-fifth of the span. More suitable for lightweight partitions. Domes Advantages And Disadvantages. If you do not inspect it regularly, your drains may become clogged with snow and water. The Waffle slab system can be called as a two - way joist slab system which comprises of ribs constructed in perpendicular direction. Minimize the moment The . The construction of flat roof is simplified and maintenance is easy. There are limitations in increasing the slab span. They have more thickness as compared to typical RCC Slabs. There are not many options from which to choose. They are not suitable for masonry partition of brittle nature. 2. Structural Guide 2022. BubbleDeck Slab obtains its high quality through the production of prefabricated units.Tailor made slabs secures a smooth and simple erection.Light and less expensive lifting equipment.Easy and less heavy onsite work.Easy incorporation of pipes, ducts etc in the slab.Subsequent work is simplified due to flat soffits with no obstructing beams . lots, commercial buildings or places where beam projections are not suitable You want to clean out the drains as needed and . They have middle strip deflection, which may be critical. They require a specific level of thickness to maintain their strength - usually at least 4 inches for a slab-on-grade foundation. Interference and failure: Interference of drop panels with mechanical ducting should be restricted. Pieter Baekeland. Column strip is designed like the beam in these types of designs. 2. 4. Thickness of Waffle slab is 85 to 100 mm. The drop panel increases the shear strength of the slab with minimum interference, increases the negative moment capacity of the slab, and stiffens the slab, thus reducing the deflection. Low span slabs can be constructed with uniform thickness. Advantages and Disadvantages of Flat Slabs - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Drawbacks of flat slab: 1. Alternatively, the long span can have a flat banded slab. Critical section for shear in case of flat slabs is at a distance of d/2 from the periphery of the column/the capital / the drop panel, where d is the effective depth. It increases the bending and shear resistance. 3. Solid Slabs can be designed and produced with mild reinforcing or by adding prestressing strands. WE CREATED THIS CHANNEL FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS WANT TO KNOW ABOUT CONSTRUCTION WORK AND INTERIOR WORK, _GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPMENT LENGTH DESIGN. What are the advantages of a waffle slab? 5. Also, construction materials, shoring system design, water retaining structures, crack width calculations, etc. Flat slabs are mostly used in large industrial structures, parking garages, ramps, warehouse, high rise buildings and hotels. Drop beams in general are an eye sore.. imagine a parking garage with beams protruding from the ceiling everywhere?.. Drop panels act as T-beams over the supports. Slab Without Drop And Column With Column-Head. 2. because it reduces formwork. 2. Types Of Flat Slab :- Slab Without Drop And Column Without Column-Head. Disadvantages of Flat Slab. The size and shape of the solid part depend on the requirements of shear and moment. Possible to have large span partitions ( masonry ) partitions construction and use of a slab. 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